IFN gamma ELISA Kits

Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a dimerized soluble cytokine that is the only member of the type II class of interferons.[1] IFN-γ is the hallmark cytokine of Th1 cells (whereas Th2 cells produce IL-4 and Th17 cells produce IL-17). NK cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells also produce IFN-γ. IFN-γ is produced predominantly by natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells as part of the innate immune response, and by CD4 and CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effector T cells once antigen-specific immunity develops.[2]

IFN-γ, or type II interferon, is a cytokine that is critical for innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections and for tumor control. Aberrant IFN-γ expression is associated with a number of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The importance of IFN-γ in the immune system stems in part from its ability to inhibit viral replication directly, but, most important, derives from its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Cellular responses to IFN-γ are activated through its interaction with a heterodimeric receptor consisting of Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) and Interferon gamma receptor 2 (IFNGR2). IFN-γ binding to the receptor activates the JAK-STAT pathway. IFN-γ also binds to the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate (HS) at the cell surface. However, in contrast to many other heparan sulfate binding proteins, where binding promotes biological activity, the binding of IFN-γ to HS inhibits its biological activity.[3]

IFN-γ has antiviral, immunoregulatory, and anti-tumor properties.[4] It alters transcription in up to 30 genes producing a variety of physiological and cellular responses. Amongst the effects are:

• Increases antigen presentation of macrophages.
• Activates and increases lysosome activity in macrophages
• Suppresses Th2 cell activity.
• Causes normal cells to increase expression of class I MHC molecules.
• Promotes adhesion and binding required for leukocyte migration.
• Promotes NK cell activity.
• Activates antigen presenting cells (APCs) and promotes Th1 differentiation by upregulating the transcription factor T-bet.
• Activates inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase iNOS

Bethyl Laboratories' ELISA kits for IFN gamma:

 

Bovine IFN gamma ELISA Kit  Catalog No.  E11-805
 
Cat IFN gamme ELISA kit  Catalog No. E22-801
 
Horse IFN gamma ELISA kit  Catalog No.  E77-806
 
Pig IFN gamma ELISA kit Catalog No. E101-806